Compilers of Usool Tafsir: Are the imams of Tafsir and the imams of Uloom Quran.
Various names of this science: Usool Tafsir the foundations of Tafsir also its known as Qawaid Tafsir the principles of Tafsir.
Not every book which is called Usool Tafsir or Qawaid Tafsir is intended to mean the principles of Tafsir of Quran because at times it can refer to Uloom Quran.
Amongst the early scholars they wrote something called Usool Tafsir but you'll find topics in there which relate to Uloom Quran i.e Usool Tafsir and Uloom quran can be refered to as 1 catergory at times like synonymous terms.
Uloom Quran speaks about abrogations, reason for revelation, storys of the quran, vowalisation of the mushaf, parables of the quran etc but sometimes this is called Usool Tafsir or Qawaid Tafsir.
This indicates that not every book that is authored by a certain title is nessarily intended by what exacty the book title says like we just mentioned about how Usool Tafsir can refer to Uloom Quran.
Sources of Usool Tafsir: Is derived from Uloom Quran and from Usool Fiqh, Qawaid Fiqhiyah, Uloom Lugha (sciences of the arabic language).
Many of the its Usool which is mentioned is taken from Usool Fiqh.
Side note: Imam Sa'di has a book on the principles of Tafsir which has many Usool Fiqh concepts in it which shows Usool Fiqh is one its sources. Plus these same principles are scattered in his Tafsir also Sh Shinqeeti in Adwa Al-Bayan mentions the Tafsir principles during the discusses of Tafsir in there.
Also Usool Tafsir is taken from Qawaid Fiqhiyah aswell.
Difference between usool fiqh and qawaid fiqh is as follows:
Usool Fiqh is basically that science which has a principles which we come to know the art of deriving Fiqh from the text and how to extract Fiqh and also regard to the implications of words.
Qawaid fiqhiyah is basically after the issues of Fiqh became numerious and abundant so the scholars decided to coin certain principles and those Fiqh issues that come under that principle goes under that category i.e that particular principle (Qaaida).
In other words these Qawaid Fiqhiyah joins those various Fiqh issues together under one umbrella in short this is one of the sources of Usool Tafsir.
Aspects of the Arabic language concepts are taken and put into Usool Tafsir.
Such books of Uloom Quran are like Itqaan by Imam Suyooti, Al-Burhaan by Imam Zarkashi, Manahil Al-Irfaan by Imam Zurqaani, Al-Mabaaith Fi Uloomul-Quran.
Hukum (ruling) of learning Usool Tafsir: Learning it is Fard Kifayah i.e if we find number of people from this ummah who have grounded themselves in this science that obligation is lifted from the rest. In other words this science is a must for scholars.
For a person who wants to do Tafsir of Quran he must learn Usool Tafsir in order he doesn’t fall in to misguildence and he doesnt bring weak opinions of the scholars in his presentation of Tafsir and also that he can understand the differences amongst the scholars of Tafsir.
What are the things discussed in this science: Way to do Tafsir of Quran, Ijma and Khilaf in tafsir, Rules of interpretation, Rules of Tarjeeh (how to weigh up the strongest view) in Tafsir.
Basically Usool Tafsir revolves around 4 main areas which are as follows:
1. How to explain the Quran i.e Tafsir of Quran with Quran then by the Sunnah then by the statements of the Sahabah then by the sayings of Tabieen then with Opinion and Ijtihaad.
2. Also discusses consensus and difference of opinion in Tafsir and its causes.
3. The principles of understand i.e understanding the Quran. Important principles in order to understand the Tafsir of the Quran.
4. The principles of how to weigh up the views of different views of the scholars of Tafsir.
May Allah bless the sheikh for sharing with us these wonderful introductory points of the subject of what usool tafsir (principles of tafsir) involves.
Stay tuned for our next post it shall revolve around how Tafsir should be done inshallah.
No comments:
Post a Comment